STP(Spanning Tree Protocol)
Network

STP(Spanning Tree Protocol)

1. STP(Spanning Tree Protocol)

- ์ด๋”๋„ท ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ๋ฃจํ•‘(Looping) : ์ด๋”๋„ท ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์ด ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋น™๋น™ ๋„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
- ์Šค์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์ด๋”๋„ท ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ๋ฃจํ•‘์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•ด์คŒ(VLT, VSS, VPC, Stacking ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์žฅ๋น„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์• ์ดˆ์— ๋ฃจํ•‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•จ)
- IP ํŒจํ‚ท์€ ํ—ค๋”์— TTL(Time To Live) ํ•„๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ํŒจํ‚ท์˜ ๋ฌดํ•œ ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋”๋„ท์€ TTL์ด ์—†์–ด STP๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋จ
- Bride ID = Priority + MAC ์ฃผ์†Œ, Path Cost๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉ

2. ์ด๋”๋„ท ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ๋ฃจํ•‘์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ

- ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋“œ์บ์ŠคํŠธ ํญํ’ ๋ฐœ์ƒ
1. R1์ด SW1์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ์ „์†ก
2. SW1์ด SW2, SW3์— Flooding
3. SW2์ด SW3๋กœ Flooding / SW3์ด SW2๋กœ Flooding
4. SW3์ด SW1๋กœ Flooding(Looping ๋ฐœ์ƒ) / SW2์ด SW1๋กœ Flooding(์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ Looping ๋ฐœ์ƒ)
SW๋“ค์ด ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ Flooding ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ ค์ ธ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นจ
* Flooding : ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€ ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ Broadcast ์ฃผ์†Œ(FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF)์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ MAC ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€ MAC ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์‹  ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํฌํŠธ์— ํ•ด๋‹น ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์ „์†ก

- MAC ์ฃผ์†Œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •(MAC Table Instablity)
Looping, ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ Looping์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ง€ MAC ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ Interface๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ MAC Table์ด ์ˆ˜์‹œ๋กœ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋จ

- ์ด์ค‘ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ์ˆ˜์‹ 
Looping์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ 

3. STP ๋™์ž‘ ๋ฐฉ์‹

- ๋ฃจํ”„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋กœ ๋ฃจํ•‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™์ž‘์ค‘์ธ ์Šค์œ„์น˜/ํฌํŠธ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ „์†ก์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•จ
- BPDU(Bridge Protocol Data Unit)๋ผ๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฃจํ”„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ
์„ค์ •/Hello BPDU(Configuration BPDU) : ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ๋ฐ ํฌํŠธ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, Bridge ID + Root Bridge ID + Port ID + Path Cost ๋“ฑ ํฌํ•จ
TCN BPDU(Topology Change Notification BPDU) : ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
- ์„ค์ • BPDU๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ํฌํŠธ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •
- ์„ค์ • BPDU๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ 2์ดˆ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ „์†ก, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Œ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ค‘๊ณ„

1. ์ „์ฒด ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒ
2. ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šค์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ(Root Port)๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์„ ํƒ
3. ํ•œ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ๋‹น ์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ(Designated Port)๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์„ ํƒ
4. ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ๋„ ์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ(Alternate Port)๋กœ ์ง€์ •, ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐจ๋‹จ

* ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€(Root Bridge) ์„ ํƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•?
- ์ „์ฒด ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์ค‘ Bridge ID ๊ฐ’์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์ง€์ •
- Bridge ID(10์ง„์ˆ˜ 0~65535) : Priority(2 bytes, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ’ 16์ง„์ˆ˜ 8000/10์ง„์ˆ˜ 32768) + MAC ์ฃผ์†Œ(6 bytes)

* ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ(Root Port) ์„ ํƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•?
- ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ ์ง€์ •
1) Path Cost ํ•ฉ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ํฌํŠธ
2) ์ธ์ ‘ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ Bridge ID๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํฌํŠธ
3) ์ธ์ ‘ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ Port ID๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํฌํŠธ

* ์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ(Designated Port) ์„ ํƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•?
- ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ(์Šค์œ„์น˜์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ)๋ณ„๋กœ ํ•œ๊ฐœ์˜ ํฌํŠธ ์ง€์ •
1) Path Cost ํ•ฉ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ ํฌํŠธ
2) Bridge ID๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์ด์˜ ํฌํŠธ
3) Port ID๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํฌํŠธ

* ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ(Alternate Port) ์„ ํƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•?
- ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ •ํฌํŠธ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ํฌํŠธ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ Looping์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€


- Disabled : ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚˜์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ๊บผ๋†“์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Blocking : ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  BPDU๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€, ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ •/๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Listening์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Blocking์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด์€ Max Age(20์ดˆ) ํ›„ Listening์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Listening : ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ๋Š” BPDU๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Foward Delay(15์ดˆ) ํ›„ Learning์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Learning : MAC์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ MAC์ฃผ์†Œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ „์†ก์„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Foward Delay(15์ดˆ) ํ›„ Forwarding์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Forwarding : ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (BPDU์™€ MAC์ฃผ์†Œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์€ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)

์œ„ ์ƒํƒœํ‘œ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ๋ง˜๋Œ€๋กœ Shut Down์„ ์‹œ์ผœ Disabled ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์–ด Blocking ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ๋„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- Hello Time(Default 2์ดˆ) : ๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์„ค์ •/Hello BPDU๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Max Age(Default 20์ดˆ) : ์„ค์ •/Hello BPDU๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด์•„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ŠคํŒจ๋‹ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- Forward Delay(Default 15์ดˆ) : Listening ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ Learning ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ, Learning ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ Forwarding ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

STP Convergence Time
- ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋งํฌ ๋‹ค์šด์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ : Blocking(20์ดˆ) -> Listening(15์ดˆ) -> Learning(15์ดˆ) -> Forwarding
- ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ง์ ‘ ๋งํฌ ๋‹ค์šด์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ : Listening(15์ดˆ) -> Learning(15์ดˆ) -> Forwarding
- ์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ BPDU ์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€์—ฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋งํฌ ๋‹ค์šด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Blocking(20์ดˆ) ํ•„์š”

Backbonefast
- ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋งํฌ ๋‹ค์šด์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Blocking(20์ดˆ) ์ƒ๋žต
- ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šค์œ„์น˜์— ์„ค์ •

Portfast
- ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ Listening(15์ดˆ) -> Learning(15์ดˆ)์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ Host์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ Port์— ํ•œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋žต
- ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ Host์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํฌํŠธ(Host Port์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ๋˜์–ด๋„ STP ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์—†์Œ)์— ์„ค์ •

Uplinkfast
- ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ง์ ‘ ๋งํฌ ๋‹ค์šด์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฃจํŠธ/์ง€์ • ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํฌํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‹œ Listening(15์ดˆ) -> Learning(15์ดˆ) ์ƒ๋žต
- ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šค์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์„ค์ •

BPDU Guard
- ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ๋กœ BPDU๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ Shut Down
- ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ Host์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํฌํŠธ(Host์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํฌํŠธ์—์„œ BPDU๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ)์— ์„ค์ •

BPDU Filter
- ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ๋กœ BPDU๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จ
- ์ข…๋‹จ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ or BPDU๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ ํฌํŠธ(ํ•ด๋‹น Port์—์„œ BPDU๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ „ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ)์— ์„ค์ •

Root Guard
- ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ
- ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ BPDU๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋„ ํ•ด๋‹น ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฃจํŠธ ํฌํŠธ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ํฌํŠธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ

Loop Guard
- ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ BPDU Filter๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ BPDU๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
- ๋Œ€์ฒด ํฌํŠธ์— ์„ค์ •

4. STP ์ข…๋ฅ˜

- STP : IEEE 802.1d
- PVST+(Per VLAN STP Plus) : Cisco ์ „์šฉ, PVST๋Š” ISL๋งŒ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋ฉฐ PVST+๋Š” ISL, 802.1Q ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง€์›
- RSTP(Rapid STP) : IEEE 802.1w, STP์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ›„ ์ตœ์†Œ 30์ดˆ ํ›„ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ RSTP๋Š” 1์ดˆ ํ›„ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ, (Discard → Learning(1์ดˆ) → Forwarding) IDC์— RSTP์™€ Hello Time, Max Age, Forward Delay๋ฅผ ์ปค์Šคํ…€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
- MSTP(Multiple STP) : IEEE 802.1 Q, RSTP๋Š” VLAN๋‹น ์ŠคํŒจ๋‹ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ MSTP๋Š” VLAN์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ฌถ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ์ŠคํŒจ๋‹ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘, ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ŠคํŒจ๋‹ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ BPDU ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋จ

์ฐธ๊ณ  : https://musketpopeye.xyz/2021/02/18/switch-stp/#portfast

 

[Switch] STP ์กฐ์ • ๋ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ||| Musket-o

STP๋Š” ์ „์›์„ ๊ฝ‚๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ STP ๊ฐ’์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์†๋„๋Š” ๋Š๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์†Œ์š”๋˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์กฐ์ž‘์—

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